Abstract: Objective:To investigate the utilization of medical care service of residents in Anhui province,and analyze the accessibility of medical care service and its influencing factors.Methods:Three thousand and thirty-eight residents from different cities and counties in Anhui province were investigated using self-designed questionnaire "The questionnaire on New Medical Reform Policy Performance from Urban and Rural Residents'Evalution" by convenience sampling.Results:The cover rate of the basic medical insurance system in our province was up to 86.1%.The residents within 5 km distance the residence from community hospital accounted for 75%.The residents with average waiting time within half an hour accounted for 67.5%.The 86.4% of residents believed that the current medical treatment was still expensive,but it was decreased compared with before the health reform which mainly reflected in the drug price(86.1%) and technical inspection fee(86.7%).The medical and health service capacity,quality,quantity,convenience and residents' affordability have been improved.The medical expense and waiting time were decreased.Conclusions:Since the new reform of medical care has been carried out,the medical care insurance comprehensively covers,the basic medical service level improves,"the difficulty and high total cost of getting medical service" is partially resolved,and the accessibility of medical service presents a positive trend.