Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of severe hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) complicated with hypertension.Methods: Thirty children with severe HFMD complicated with hypertension were treated with anti-virus,intravenous gamma globulin,methylprednisolone,mannitol and glycerol fructose.The sodium nitroprusside was additional used in all cases,the starting dose of which was 0.5 μg·kg^-1·min^-1.The dose of sodium nitroprusside was adjusted according to the blood pressure.The index changes were observed after 1 hour and 24 hours of treatment.Results: Compared before treatment,the hypertension in all cases after 1 hour and 24 hours of treatment were obviously decreased(P<0.01).Conclusions: Sodium nitroprusside can stabilize the blood pressure of the children with HFMD complicated with hypertension,which is effective and safe.