Abstract: Objective:To explore the sleep quality and its related factors among the middle school students before entrance examination from Hefei.Methods:One hundred and seventy-seven from the middle school students of Hefei were investigated by the self-designed questionnaire using random cluster sampling method before 2 weeks of entrance examination.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Self-reporting Inventory(SCL-90) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) of all students were evaluated.Results:Among the students,the detection rate of sleep problems was 31.2%,the mean score of PSQI was(6.23±2.90),and the sleep problems in the private schools were more than those in the public schools(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The total score of PSQI was positively correlated with the students and parental attitude of test defeat,somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,anxiety state and anxiety trait(P<0.05 to P<0.01),and negatively correlated with the favorite school situation(P<0.05).The obsessive-compulsive symptoms(β=0.388),parental attitude of test defeat(β=0.141),students' attitude of test defeat(β=0.144) and somatization(β=0.173) were the influencing factors of the sleep quality of the students.Conclusions:Sleep quality of middle school students is related to multiple factors.The effective measures should be taken to improve the physical and mental health of middle school students.