Abstract: Objective:To investigate the distribution of risk factors of chronic diseases in Huaishang district residents and preventive knowledge to provide the basis of related intervention behavior.Methods:The risk factors of chronic diseases and related healthy knowledge in more than 18 years old residents in Huaishang District were investigated by stratified cluster sampling method.Results:The total smoking and drinking rates among the residents were 29.5% and 22.6%,respectively.The male smoking rate(46.6%) and drinking rate(38.6%) were higher than those in female(5.0% and 6.1%),respectively(P<0.01).The 62.2% of residents didn't take part in physical exercise,the difference of the nonexercise rate between male(61.7%) and female(62.7%) was not statistical significance(P>0.05).The 12.2% of residents didn't eat breakfast daily,23.0% of residents tastes were heavy,78.9% of residents didn't eat dairy products or less than 200 g per day and 8.4% of residents often ate pickled smoked products.The difference of the taste in men and women with unhealthy dietary behaviors was statistical significance(P<0.05),the difference of other factors between men and women was not statistical significance(P>0.05).Among the awareness rate of risk factors about the chronic diseases,the influence factors of obesity in hypertension and sugar in diabetes were the highest awareness rate.Health knowledge of residents came mainly from TV and doctors.Conclusions:Higher proportion of residents have the risk behaviors related to the chronic disease.The channel of residents obtaining the healthy knowledge is relatively single.Carrying out health education among the key people is necessary in order to reduce their health risk factors for chronic diseases.