Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical features of the urinary tract infection caused by indwelling urethral catheter in children of urinary surgery and its nursing countermeasures. Methods: The clinical data of the incidence, related factors, pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance surveillance of urinary tract infection in 532 children with indwelling urethral catheter in department of urology were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The incidence of urinary tract infection in children with indwelling catheter was 13.3%. The urinary tract infection rate in female children was higher than that in male children(P<0.01). The urinary tract infection rate in 7 to 15 years old children was higher than that in 1 to 6 years old children(P<0.01). The urinary tract infection rate in children with indwelling urethral catheter for 8 to 14 days was higher than that in children with indwelling urethral catheter for 1 to 7 days(P<0.01). The main pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection were enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli and enterococcus faecium in turn, which accounted for 28.0%, 22.7% and 21.3%, respectively. Both the sensitivities of 21 strains of enterococcus faecalis to ampicillin and penicillin were 100.0%, but the sensitivities of enterococcus faecalis to gentamicin, rifampicin and minocycline were high. Both the resistant rates of enterococcus faecium to penicillin and ampicillin were 87.5%, but the sensitivities of enterococcus faecium to vancomycin, nitrofurantoin, teicoplanin and linezolid were high. Both the resistant rate of escherichia coli to ampicillin and piperacillin were 94.1%, and it was sensitive to imipenem. Conclusions: Urinary tract infection is associated with gender, age, and indwelling time. It is necessary to take effective nursing measures to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infection caused by catheter.