Abstract: Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of the percutaneous catheter drainage(PCD) in the treatment of the peripancreatic or peritoneal effusion in the early phase of severe acute pancreatitis.Methods: The peripancreatic or peritoneal effusion in the early phase of severe acute pancreatitis in 37 patients were treated with PCD guided by ultrasound or CT.The clinical symptoms,clinical and laboratory indicators between before puncture and after 3 days of puncture,and the postoperative complications in all cases were compared.Results: Compared before treatment,the clinical symptoms,and the scores of clinical and biochemical indexes,intra-abdominal pressure,acute physiology and chronic health conditions and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome were significantly improved after 3 days of puncture(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The puncture injury in 3 cases(8.1%),drainage catheter obstruction in 2 cases(5.4%),catheter translocation in 3 cases(8.1%) and catheter off in 1 case(2.7%) were found.No serious complications(including bowel and abdominal visceral injury) in all cases were identified.Conclusions: The treatment of the peripancreatic or peritoneal effusion in the early phase of severe acute pancreatitis with PCD can improve the clinical symptoms,clinical and laboratory indicators,and relieve the intra-abdominal pressure of patients.