Abstract: Objective: To compare the clinical effects between retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephron-sparing Surgery(NSS) and radical nephrectomy(RN) in the treatment of stage T1b renal cell carcinoma.Methods: The clinical data of 33 patients with stage T1b renal cell carcinoma treated with retroperitoneal laparoscopic NSS(NSS group) and 20 patients with stage T1b renal cell carcinoma treated with RN(RN group) were retrospectively analyzed.Results: Fifty-three operations were successfully completed,and no case was conversed to open operation.The operation time in RN group was significantly less than that in NSS group(P<0.01).The eGFR in NSS groups after 3 and 6 months of operation were lower and higher than that in RN group,respectively(P<0.05).The differences of the peroperative bleeding,and postoperative extubation time,hospital stay and complications between two groups were not statistically significnat(P>0.05).Conclusions: For stage T1b renal cell carcinoma patients,if the cases is appropriate,the retroperitoneal laparoscopic NSS is safe and feasible,which can be considered as a priority operation type.