Abstract: Objective:To investigate the postoperative use of antimicrobials in patients treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC),and evaluate the economic effectiveness of different antimicrobial solutions.Methods:The clinical data of 208 patients treated with LC were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into three groups according to the postoperative use of antimicrobials.The variety of drug,administration duration and administration cost in three kinds of the highest use frequency of antimicrobials were statistically analyzed.The ratio of cost to effectiveness between three solutions was compared using the cost-effectiveness analysis method.Results:Eighteen administration solutions(involving 10 varieties of drugs) in 208 cases were identified.The use frequency of the second generation cephalosporins and nitroimidazoles was the highest.The highest use frequency of antimicrobials in patients was the group A(cefuroxime),group B(cefuroxime and ornidazole) and group P(ceftriaxone and ornidazole).The effective rates in group A,B and P were 97.26%,100.00% and 100%,respectively,the differences of which between three groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The difference of the drug cost between group A and group B was statistically significant(P<0.01),but the differences of the drug cost between group A and group P,and between group B and group P were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After the antimicrobial drug price was downregulated by 10%,the difference of the drug cost between group A and group B was statistically significant(P<0.05),but the differences of the drug cost between group A and group P,and between group B and group P were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:The postoperative uses of cefuroxime,ceftriaxone or combination with ornidazole in patients treated with LC are safe and effective.The postoperative use of cefuroxime is the best solution.