Abstract: Objective:To investigate the efficacy of the bilateral vertebral lamina fenestration,reseting combined with interbody fusion under retaining spinous process and ligament complex in the treatment of lumber spondylolisthesis.Methods:Thirty-one patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis were randomly divided into the retaining spinous process(group A) and total laminectomy group(group B).The A group were treated with bilateral vertebral lamina fenestration,decompress combined with interbody fusion,and the group B were treated with total laminectomy decompress combined with interbody fusion.The JOA scores before and after operation,operation time,blood loss,postoperative drainage and fusion rate after 3 months of operation between two groups were compared.Results:The change of JOA score between before and after operation in group A was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05).The postoperative drainage volume in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P<0.05).The differences of the fusion rate after 3 months of operation,operation time and peroperative bleeding between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:Under remaining spinous process and ligament complex,the treatment of lumber spondylolisthesis with bilateral vertebral lamina fenestration combined with interbody fusion is a good method.