Abstract: Objective:To investigate the clinical effects of unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP) and vertebroplasty(PVP) in the treatment of the elders with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs).Methods:Twenty-one elder patients with OVCFs(25 vertebras) and 20 elder patients with OVCFs(22 vertebras) were treated with PKP and PVP,respectively.The vertebral height and VAS scores in all cases were recorded and analyzed before and after operation,and during following-up period.Results:During the following-up,the VAS score in PVP group was higher than that in PKP group(P<0.05).The differences of VAS scores at all time-points were statistically significant(P<0.01),and the VAS scores in two groups decreased(before operation > after operation > during following-up)(P<0.01).The heights of anterior and middle edge of vertebra in PKP group were significantly higher than those in PVP group after operation(P<0.01).The heights of anterior and middle edge of vertebra in two groups after operation were significantly higher than those in two groups before operation(P<0.01).Conclusions:Compared with the PVP,the PKP is a more effective method in treating the elder OVCFs.