Abstract: Objective:To explore the clinical effects of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) in treating sever hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD),and its influence on the serum levels of S-100β protein and neuron-specific enolase(NSE).Methods:Eighty-two patients with severe HFMD were randomly divided into the observation group and control group(41 cases each group),respectively.The control group and observation group were treated with conventional therapy and IVIG combined with conventional therapy,respectively.The clinical symptoms,neurological manifestations and hospitalization time in two groups were observed,and the serum levels of S-100β protein and NSE in two groups were detected.Results:The total effective rate in observation group(97.56%) was higher than that in control group(75.61%)(P<0.05).The rash disappearing time,temperature recovery time,disappearance time of easy fright and limb tremor and hospitalization time in observation group were shorter than those in control group(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The serum levels of S-100β protein and NSE in observation group significantly decreased after treatment(P<0.01).Conclusions:The treatment of severe HFMD with IVIG combined with conventional therapy can shorten the duration of clinical signs and symptoms,decrease hospitalization time and the serum levels of S-100β and NSE,and improve the clinical effects.