Abstract: Objective:To investigate the risk factors of the occurrence of arteriovenous fistula embolization in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods:The clinical data of 137 patients treated with the first arteriovenous fistula forming operation combined with maintenance hemodialysis were retrospectively analyzed.Twenty-four cases with arteriovenous fistula embolization and 113 cases without arteriovenous fistula embolization were divided into the observation group and control group,respectively.The clinical data and life index between two groups were compared.Results:The differences of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes mellitus,frequency of dialysis,L-carnitine usage,platelet count,albumin,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein,C reactive protein,parathyroid hormone,serum phosphorus,and calcium-phosphorus product between two groups were statistically significantusage(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the diabetes mellitus,L-carnitine usage,low density lipoprotein,calcium-phosphorus product and serum phosphorus entered into the logistic regression model were the risk factors of affecting the occurrence of arteriovenous fistula embolization(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions:The diabetes mellitus,low density lipoprotein increasing,high calcium-phosphorus product and serum phosphorus increasing are the independent risk factors of the occurrence of arteriovenous fistula embolization in maintenance hemodialysis patients,and the use of L-carnitine is the protective factor of the occurrence of arteriovenous fistula embolization in maintenance hemodialysis patients.