Abstract: Objective: To explore the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of mammography of microcalcifications in benign and malignant breast disease for improving the accuracy of diagnosis.Methods: Thirty-five breast cancer patients complicated with microcifications diagnosed by mammography and 37 patients with breast benign disease were investigated.The number,density,intensity,morphology and distribution of microcalcification between benign and malignant breast disease were retrospectively analyzed.Results: There were statistical significances in the density,number,intensity,morphology and distribution of microcalcification between benign and malignant breast disease(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The ratio of hypodense microcalcifications in malignant breast disease was higher than that in benign breast disease(P<0.05).The ratio of microcalcification number more than or equal to 20 cases in malignant breast disease was higher than that in benign breast disease(P<0.05).The ratio of intensity ≥ 10/cm² in malignant breast disease was higher than that in benign breast disease(P<0.01).The ratio of coarse particle microcalcification in benign breast disease was significantly higher than that in malignant breast disease,and 1 case in breast cancer group was found.The ratio of the dusty,branching,vermicular and pleomorphic microcalcifications in breast cancer were higher(P<0.01).Scattering distribution of microcalcification was only in benign breast disease,while the ratio of linear and segmental distribution of microcalcifications in breast cancer group was higher(P<0.01).Conclusions: The density,number,intensity,morphology and distribution of microcalcification has certain correlation with benign and malignant breast disease,and the mammography of microcalcification can preliminarily estimate the benign and malignant breast disease.