Abstract: Objective:To understand the current situation of learning burnout of the rural order-targeted medical students,and analyze the relationships among professional commitment,learning self-efficacy and learning burnout.Methods:A total of 287 order-targeted medical students in the 1st to 5th grades from Bengbu Medical College were surveyed using the College Student Professional Commitment Scale,Learning Self-efficacy Scale and College Student Learning Burnout Survey Scale.Results:The burnout score in males was higher than that in females(P<0.01),which in rural students was higher than that in urban areas(P<0.01).The scores of learning burnout in freshmen,sophomores and juniors were higher than those in seniors and fifth-juniors(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The scores in students with family financial difficulties,parental decisions,employment security and entrance examination were higher than those in students with interested in primary health care work(P<0.01).The total score of professional commitment,total score of learning self-efficacy and each dimension score were negatively related to the learning burnout score(P<0.01).The gender,grade,student origin,professional choice reason,emotional commitment,ideal commitment and normative commitment were the influencing factors of learning burnout in order-targeted medical students.Conclusions:Among the order-targeted medical students,the higher the professional commitment,the lower the level of learning burnout is,the higher self-efficacy is,and the lower the performance of learning burnout is.The training units of the order-targeted medical students should take some measures to improve their professional commitment,and enhance their self-efficacy,so as to reduce learning burnout and improve the quality of talent training.