不同年龄段新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床和CT影像特征分析

刘传苗; 徐鹤; 李淑华; 赵灿灿; 李小虎; 王健; 赵伟; 施彪; 谢宗玉

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2020.09.008

不同年龄段新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床和CT影像特征分析

Clinical and CT findings of coronavirus disease 2019 in the different age groups

摘要

摘要:
目的分析不同年龄组间新型冠状病毒肺炎（coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19）临床和CT影像特征的差异性。
方法回顾性分析107例经临床证实COVID-19病人的临床和CT资料，依据不同年龄段分为3组（< 30岁组，30~60岁组，>60岁组），对每组病人CT特点及临床资料进行分析。
结果107例COVID-19的典型临床表现为发热（98.1%，105/107）和咳嗽（77.6%，83/107），实验室检查C反应蛋白升高（63.6%，68/107），白细胞和淋巴细胞减低（42.1%，45/107；43.9%，47/107）；典型CT表现为两肺多叶散在的胸膜下磨玻璃影（94.4%，101/107），最常伴有血管扩张（89.7%，96/107）和晕征（78.5，84/107）。呼吸困难和临床分型在 < 30岁组、>60岁组和30~60岁组、>60岁组之间差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。3组间的肺叶分布差异最为明显（P < 0.05）。铺路石征和实性成分在>60岁组和 < 30岁组、30~60岁组之间差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。
结论COVID-19的临床表现、实验室检查和CT表现具有一定特征性，但不同年龄组间又各具特点，掌握这些临床和CT影像特征、特点有助于早期明确诊断。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the differences of the clinical and CT imaging features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the different age groups.
MethodsThe clinical and CT data of 107 patients with clinically confirmed covid-19 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into three groups (< 30 years old group, 30-60 years old group, and >60 years old group) according to their ages.The CT findings and clinical data were analyzed in three groups.
ResultsThe typical clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in 107 patients showed fever (98.1%, 105/107) and cough (77.6%, 83/107).Laboratory examination showed increased C-reactive protein (63.6%, 68/107), and decreased white blood cells and lymphocytes (42.1%, 45/107;43.9%, 47/107).The typical CT findings displayed scattered subpleural ground-glass opacity in two lungs (94.4%, 101/107), most commonly accompanied with vasodilation (89.7%, 96/107) and halo sign (78.5%, 84/107).Dyspnea and clinical type were statistically significant between < 30 years old group, >60 years old group and 30-60 years old group, >60 years old group (P < 0.05).The difference of distribution of lung lobes in three groups was significant (P < 0.05).There were significant differences in paving stone sign and solid components between >60 years old group, < 30 years old group and 30-60 years old group (P < 0.05).
ConclusionsThe clinical manifestations, laboratory examination and CT findings of COVID-19 have some characteristics, but different age groups possess their own characteristics.Grasping characteristics of these clinical and CT imaging features is helpful for early definite diagnosis.

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