安徽省女大学生乳房自检“知信行”现状及结构方程模型分析

华田田; 张顺花; 付宝月; 张晓嵽; 巨年婷; 郑素格; 樊婷婷; 苏梦维; 苏雨晴

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2021.03.037

安徽省女大学生乳房自检“知信行”现状及结构方程模型分析

Status and structural equation modeling analysis of "knowledge, attitude and practice" of breast self-examination among female college students in Anhui province

摘要

摘要:
目的了解安徽省女大学生乳房自检“知信行（KAP）”现状，并定量分析知识、态度和行为之间的相互作用机制，为高校科学开展乳房健康教育提供参考依据。
方法自行设计问卷。随机选取安徽省15所综合性大学的2 400名女大学生进行问卷调查，使用SPSS 25.0对女大学生乳房自检KAP现状进行描述性分析，采用Amos 24.0对数据进行结构方程模型（SEM）分析和Bootstrap方法检验。
结果女大学生乳房自检的知识总知晓率为73.62%，态度总持有率为78.18%，行为总执行率为27.91%。SEM与数据的拟合程度良好。人口学特征对行为的影响最大（P < 0.01）。乳房自检的知识、态度与行为3个变量呈两两正相关关系（P < 0.01）。知识对态度的直接效应值为0.293（P < 0.01）；态度对行为的直接效应值为0.289（P < 0.01）；知识对行为的直接效应值为0.160（P < 0.01），知识通过态度对行为产生的间接效应值为0.085（P < 0.01），态度具有部分中介效应。
结论安徽省女大学生乳房自检KAP现状有待提高。在乳房自检的健康教育工作中，应注重“知、信、行”的同步发展。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) status of breast self-examination among female college students in Anhui province, and quantitatively analyze the interaction mechanism between them to provide a reference for scientific breast education in colleges and universities.
MethodsUsing self-designed questionnaires, 2 400 female college students from 15 colleges in Anhui province were randomly investigated.The KAP status of breast self-examination in female college students were descriptively analyzed suing SPSS 25.0, the structural equation modeling(SEM) of data were analyzed using Amos 24.0, and the data were tested using Bootstrap method.
ResultsOn the female college students' breast self-examination, the total awareness rate of knowledge was 73.62%, the total holding rate of attitude was 78.18%, and the total implementation rate of behavior was 27.91%.The fitting degree of SEM and data was good.The effects of demographic characteristics on behavior was largest(P < 0.01).The knowledge, attitude and practice of breast self-examination were positively correlated with each other(P < 0.01).The direct effect of knowledge on attitude was 0.293(P < 0.01).The direct effect value of attitude on behavior was 0.289(P < 0.01);The direct effect value of knowledge on behavior was 0.160(P < 0.01), and the indirect effect value of knowledge on behavior was 0.085(P < 0.01).Attitude played partial mediating effect.
ConclusionsThe KAP status of the breast self-examination among female college students in Anhui province needs to be improved.In the health education of breast self-examination, the synchronous development of KAP should be paid attention to.

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