ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between the clinical characteristics, global registration of acute coronary event score(GRACE risk score), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk score(TIMI risk score) and clinical prognosis in female patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).

MethodsSix hundred and one ACS patients diagnosed using coronary angiography from October 2018 to July 2019 were selected.The general clinical data, laboratory examination results, imaging data and interventional therapy data of all patients were collected.According to the gender, the patients were divided into the female group and male group.According to the GRACE risk score, the patients were divided into the high-risk, medium-risk and low-risk groups.According to the TIMI risk score, the patients were divided into the high-risk, medium-risk and low-risk groups.The number of vascular lesions and Gensini score in all patients were calculated.All ACS patients were followed up by telephone or outpatient for an average of 12 months after discharge.A questionnaire was designed to calculate the occurrence of Maces events.According to the Maces events, the patients were divided into the Maces group and non-Maces group.

ResultsAmong the 601 patients, there were 236 females(39.3%) and 365 males(60.7%) with an age of(64.8±10.3) years.The results of baseline data showed that the age, proportion of unstable angina pectoris, proportion of combined diabetes, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in female patients were higher than those in male patients(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The proportion of acute myocardial infarction and early coronary heart disease, smoking, serum creatinine and uric acid in female patients were lower than those in male patients(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).There was no statistical significance in the proportion of perioperative medication, hypertension, cerebral infarction and atrial fibrillation between female and male patients(P>0.05).The results of Grace risk score showed that there was no statistical significance in the proportion of low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk groups between two groups(P>0.05).The results of TIMI risk score showed that the proportion of female patients in the low-risk group was lower than that of male patients(P < 0.05).The results of coronary angiography showed that there was no statistical significance in the number of vascular lesions and Gensini score between two groups(P>0.05).The results of Maces events showed that there was no statistical significance in the proportion of Maces events between two groups(P>0.05).The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the age and blood glucose were the independent risk factors of Maces in female patients(P < 0.01), while the smoking and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were the independent risk factors of Maces in male patients(P < 0.01 and P < 0.05).

ConclusionsThe onset of ACS in female patients is later than that in male patients, but they are more likely to be associated with abnormal blood glucose and lipid, and the degree of vascular disease, clinical risk stratification and prognosis after onset are not significantly different from those in male patients.Therefore, the attention should be paid to the screening, prevention and treatment of female patients.