ObjectiveTo detect the expression changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin quantity, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and lactate(LAC) in children with infectious mononucleosis(IM) infected by EB virus, and analyze their clinical significance.

MethodsNinety children with IM caused by EB virus were investigated.Forty-four children with IM, who could not be controlled by routine antiviral support therapy or had severe complications, were set as the observation group, and 46 patients with IM, who were successfully relieved by routine antiviral support therapy, were set as the control group.The lymphocyte subsets(CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺, CD3^- CD19⁺ and NK cells), immunoglobulin(IgG, IgA and IgM), LDH and LAC in peripheral blood in two groups were detected after 1-2 days of admission.

ResultsCompared with the control group, the expression of CD3⁺, CD8⁺ and LDH in the peripheral blood increased, while the expression of CD4⁺ and NK cells decreased in the observation group(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The differences of the expression of the CD3^-CD19⁺, LAC, IgG, IgA and IgM between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).

ConclusionsPaying attention to the lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of children with IM, especially the expression of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺, CD3^-CD19⁺, NK cells and LDH, can help to identify the severity of disease in children with IM at an early stage, guide active and reasonable treatment, and avoid missing the best treatment opportunity.