妇科肿瘤焦虑抑郁现状调研及疏肝解郁法对其干预效果评估

张宇静; 邓海燕; 梁超

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2022.01.016

妇科肿瘤焦虑抑郁现状调研及疏肝解郁法对其干预效果评估

Investigation on the status quo of anxiety and depression of gynecological tumors and evaluation of the intervention effect of liver-soothing and depression-relieving method

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨妇科肿瘤病人焦虑、抑郁的发生率及疏肝解郁法效果。
方法选择142例妇科肿瘤病人作为研究组，采用1∶ 1对照方式纳入同期在行健康体检的女性142名作为对照组。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)评估2组受试者抑郁、焦虑症状发生率，采用单因素和多因素分析观察影响妇科肿瘤病人抑郁、焦虑症状发生的风险因素，合并抑郁、焦虑症状的病人给予柴胡疏肝散治疗，观察治疗效果。
结果研究组HADS-A和HADS-D评分均明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)。研究组抑郁、焦虑症状发生率明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)。单因素分析显示，年龄、文化程度、职业状态、婚姻状况、家庭月收入、肿瘤类型、肿瘤分期、拟治疗方式等因素均影响妇科肿瘤病人抑郁和焦虑症状发生率(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。多因素logistic分析结果显示临床分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期是影响妇科肿瘤病人焦虑、抑郁的风险因素，文化程度≥大专、家庭月收入>1万是妇科肿瘤病人焦虑、抑郁的保护性因素(P < 0.01)。研究组抑郁症状和焦虑症状病人治疗后HADS-A评分和HADS-D评分均较治疗前明显降低(P < 0.01)。
结论妇科肿瘤病人焦虑、抑郁症状发生率均显著高于正常女性，肿瘤分期、学历水平和家庭经济水平等是影响病人焦虑、抑郁发生的相关因素，疏肝解郁法有助于缓解病人的焦虑、抑郁状态。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the incidence of anxiety and depression in gynecological tumor patients and the effect of liver-soothing and depression-relieving method.
MethodsOne hundred and forty-two patients with gynecological tumor were selected as the research group, and 142 women who underwent physical examinations at the same period were included as the control group.The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) was used to assess the incidence of depression and anxiety symptoms of the subjects, and univariate and multivariate analysis were used to observe the risk factors affecting the occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms in gynecological tumor patients.Patients with symptoms of depression and anxiety were treated with Chaihu Shugan powder to observe the therapeutic effect.
ResultsThe scores of HADS-A and HADS-D in research group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.01).The incidence of depression and anxiety in research group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.01).Univariate analysis showed that age, education level, occupational status, marital status, monthly family income, tumor type, tumor stage, proposed treatment plan, and so on affected the incidence of depression and anxiety in gynecological tumor patients (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).Multivariate logistic analysis showed that clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ was the risk factor of anxiety and depression in gynecological tumor patients, and education level higher than junior college and family income more than 10 000 Yuan per month were the protective factors(P < 0.01).The scores of HADS-A and HADS-D in research group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.01).
ConclusionsThe incidence of anxiety and depression symptoms in gynecological tumor patients is significantly higher than that of normal women.Tumor stage, education level and family financial level are related factors that affect patients′ anxiety and depression.The liver-soothing and depression-relieving method can help to relieve patients′ anxiety and depresson state.

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