维持性血液透析病人益处发现现状及其影响因素分析

庞丹莉; 惠文焕

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2022.01.030

维持性血液透析病人益处发现现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of status quo and influencing factors of benefit finding in maintenance hemodialysis patients

摘要

摘要:
目的分析维持性血液透析（maintenance hemodialysis，MHD）病人益处发现现状并探讨其影响因素。
方法采用便利抽样法选取161例MHD病人为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、益处发现量表、生命意义感量表、家庭关怀度量表进行调查。
结果不同文化程度、婚姻状况、居住地、透析龄、职业、家庭月收入和医疗费用支付方式的MHD病人益处发现得分差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）。MHD病人益处发现总分为（38.32±6.73）分，生命意义感总分为（32.17±8.85）分，家庭关怀度总分为（6.54±2.22）分。MHD病人益处发现总分与生命意义感、存在生命意义、寻找生命意义、家庭关怀度总分均呈明显正相关关系（r=0.749、0.629、0.768、0.594，P < 0.01）。多元线性回归分析显示，文化程度、透析龄、生命意义感、家庭关怀度是维持性血液透析病人益处发现水平的影响因素（P < 0.05）。
结论MHD病人益处发现处于较低水平，护士应重视疾病知识宣教，引导病人关注疾病的积极意义，并采取相应措施提高病人家庭关怀度及生命意义感，从而提高益处发现水平。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the status quo of benefit finding in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients and explore its influencing factors.
MethodsA total of 161 MHD patients were selected by convenience sampling method.The general information questionnaire, benefit finding scale, meaning in life questionnaire and family APGAR index were used to investigate.
ResultsThe difference of benefit finding scores in MHD patients' with different education, marital status, residence, dialysis time, occupation, family monthly income and medical expense payment way were statistically significant(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The total scores of MHD patient's benefit finding, meaning in life and family APGAR index were(38.32±6.73), (32.17±8.85) and(6.54±2.22) points, respectively.The total score of MHD patient's benefit finding was significantly positively correlated with the total scores of meaning in life, existence meaning in life, life seeking meaning and family APGAR index(r=0.749, 0.629, 0.768, 0.594, P < 0.01).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the education level, dialysis time, meaning in life and family concern were the factors influencing the benefit finding level of MHD patients(P < 0.05).
ConclusionsThe benefit finding level of MHD patients is lower, so nurses should pay attention to the disease knowledge education, guide patients to care the positive meaning of the disease, and take appropriate measures to improve patients' family concern and meaning in life, so as to improve the benefit finding level.

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