血液透析病人电子健康素养现状及其影响因素分析

周志庆; 汪裕伟; 刘欢; 王翠珍; 陶明芬; 周宁颖; 许倩茹; 程鹏云; 龚如月

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2022.08.027

血液透析病人电子健康素养现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of the current status of hemodialysis patients' electronic health literacy and its influencing factors

摘要

摘要:
目的对维持性血液透析病人电子健康素养现状进行调查，并分析其影响因素。
方法2019年3-10月采用便利抽样抽取安徽省20家三甲医院符合纳入标准的维持性血液透析病人399例，采用一般资料问卷、电子健康素养量表、慢性病自我效能量表、血液透析病人自我管理行为量表对病人进行调查。采用单因素分析、Pearson相关分析及多元线性回归分析维持性血液透析病人电子健康素养的影响因素。
结果399例维持性血液透析病人中，电子健康素养得分为(22.05±7.24)分，67例病人得分>32分，合格率16.8%。性别、是否患有高血压、透析时是否上网查阅血液透析相关知识、透析时间4个因素对维持性血液透析病人电子健康素养的影响具有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)；Pearson相关分析表明，维持性血液透析病人电子健康素养得分与自我管理行为、慢性疾病自我效能得分之间呈正相关关系(r=0.452、0.146，P < 0.01)；多元线性回归分析结果表明，透析时上网查阅血液透析相关知识和男性电子健康素养评分较高(P < 0.01)，透析时间与维持性血液透析中病人电子健康素养评分呈正相关(B=0.804，P < 0.01)。
结论维持性血液透析病人的电子健康素养水平相对较低，透析时上网查阅血液透析相关知识、性别、透析时间、慢性疾病自我效能、血液透析病人的自我管理行为均是维持性血液透析病人的电子健康素养水平的重要影响因素。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of electronic health literacy of maintenance hemo dialysis patients, and analyze its influencing factors.
MethodsFrom March to October 2019, 399 maintenance hemodialysis patients from 20 tertiary grade A hospitals in Anhui province were selected by convenience sampling, and the patients were investigated using the general information questionnaire, electronic health literacy scale, chronic disease self-efficacy scale and hemodialysis patient self-management behavior scale.The Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of electronic health literacy of maintenance dialysis patients.
ResultsAmong 399 patients with maintenance hemodialysis, the score of electronic health literacy was(22.05±7.24) points, the score of 66 cases were more than 32 points, and the qualified rate was 16.8%.The differences of the influence of the gender, hypertension, Internet access to hemodialysis related knowledge and dialysis time on electronic health literacy of maintenance hemodialysis patients were statistically significant(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that electronic health literacy score of maintenance hemodialysis patients was positively correlated with self-management behavior and chronic disease self-efficacy score(r=0.452, 0.146, P < 0.01).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the Internet access to hemodialysis related knowledge and electronic health literacy score of men were higher(P < 0.01), and the dialysis time was positively correlated with the electronic health literacy score of patients with maintenance hemodialysis(B=0.804, P < 0.01).
ConclusionsThe level of electronic health literacy of maintenance hemodialysis patients is relatively low, and the Internet access to hemodialysis related knowledge, gender, dialysis duration, chronic disease self-efficacy and hemodialysis patients' self-management behavior are all important influencing factors of electronic health literacy level of maintenance hemodialysis patients.

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