中青年维持性血液透析病人生活质量与健康素养及自我效能的相关性研究

徐绍莲; 金超; 汪娟; 朱志云; 高长根

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2024.04.026

中青年维持性血液透析病人生活质量与健康素养及自我效能的相关性研究

Correlation between quality of life and health literacy and self-efficacy in young and middle-aged patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

摘要

摘要:
目的调查本地区中青年维持性血液透析病人生活质量、健康素养及自我效能的现状，并分析生活质量与二者之间的相关性。
方法选取进行血液透析的病人作为研究对象，采用分层抽样调查对18~59周岁病人的生活质量、健康素养及自我效能现状进行研究，获得有效问卷463份，采用SPSS25.0软件对病人生活质量与健康素养及自我效能进行相关性分析。
结果 463例中青年维持性血液透析病人生活质量得分为(66.85±12.32)分，健康素养得分(86.70±16.71)分，自我效能得分为(38.24±13.95)分，Pearson相关分析显示，病人生活质量总得分及各维度得分与健康素养及自我效能总分及各维度得分均呈正相关关系(P < 0.01)，病人的生活质量受婚姻状况、家庭月收入、慢性病病种数量、健康素养水平、自我效能水平影响(P < 0.05)。
结论医护人员应针对中青年MHD病人进行健康素养及自我效能干预，提升病人自我健康行为管理的主观意愿和知识水平，发挥病人自我管理的主观能动性，进一步改善其健康状况和提升生活质量。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the current status of quality of life, health literacy, and self-efficacy among middle-aged and young maintenance hemodialysis patients in the local area, and to analyze the correlation between quality of life and the two.
Methods Patients undergoing hemodialysis were selected as the study subjects, and a stratified sampling survey was conducted to investigate the quality of life, health literacy, and self-efficacy of patients aged 18-59 years.A total of 463 valid questionnaires were obtained, and SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the correlation between the quality of life, health literacy, and self-efficacy of patients.
Results The results showed that the quality of life scores of 463 middle-aged and young maintenance hemodialysis patients were (66.85±12.32) points, health literacy scores were (86.70±16.71) points, and self-efficacy scores were (38.24±13.95) points.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total quality of life scores and various dimension scores of patients were positively correlated with the total health literacy and self-efficacy scores and various dimension scores (P < 0.01).The quality of life of patients was influenced by marital status, monthly family income, and the impact of the number of chronic disease types, health literacy level, and self-efficacy level (P < 0.05).
Conclusions Medical staff should provide health literacy and self-efficacy interventions for middle-aged and young maintenance hemodialysis patients, enhance their subjective willingness and knowledge level in self-health behavior management, exert their subjective initiative in self-management, further improve their health status and enhance their quality of life.

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