跨理论模型教育护理联合精密摄食训练对脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍病人吞咽功能康复的影响

陈娟; 彭瑾; 谢珊; 于龙娟; 沈洪萍

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2024.09.021

跨理论模型教育护理联合精密摄食训练对脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍病人吞咽功能康复的影响

Effect of cross-theoretical model education and nursing combined with precision feeding training on the rehabilitation of swallowing function in patients with swallowing dysfunction after stroke

摘要

摘要:
目的在脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍病人中联合实施跨理论模型教育护理及精密摄食训，分析吞咽功能康复效果。
方法选取2020年6月至2021年8月住院治疗的脑卒中病人，以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组。对照组行精密摄食训练，观察组在对照组基础上行跨理论模型教育护理，比较2组护理前、护理后自我效能、自我护理能力、吞咽功能。
结果 85例病人中，有3例未按照研究要求被剔除，82例中回收有效问卷80份，随机分为每组40例；护理后，观察组一般自我效能量表量表评分(GSES)高于对照组(P < 0.05)；观察组健康知识水平、自我概念、自护责任感、自我护理技能明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)；观察组标准吞咽功能评价量表(SSA)评分明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)。
结论跨理论模型教育护理联合精密摄食训练提升脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍病人自我效能感水平及自我护理能力，促进吞咽功能的改善。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effects of cross-theoretical model education and nursing combined with precision feeding training on the rehabilitation of swallowing function in patients with swallowing dysfunction after stroke.
Methods From June 2020 to August 2021, the hospitalized stroke patients were randomly divided into the control group and observation group.The control group was given the precise feeding training, and the observation group was given the cross-theoretical model education and nursing on the basis of the control group.The self-efficacy, self-care ability and swallowing function between two groups were compared before and after nursing.
Results Among the 85 patients, 3 patients were excluded according to the research requirements.Eighty valid questionnaires were collected from 82 patients, were randomly divided into two groups(40 cases in each group).After nursing, the general self-efficacy scale(GSES) score of the observation group was higher than that of control group(P < 0.05).The level of health knowledge, self-concept, self-care responsibility and self-care skill in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P < 0.01).The standard swallowing function evaluation scale(SSA) score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P < 0.01).
Conclusions Cross-theoretical model education and nursing combined with precision feeding training can improve the level of self-efficacy and self-care ability of patients with swallowing dysfunction after stroke, and promote the improvement of swallowing function.

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