Abstract: Objective: To explore the application effects of ecological momentary intervention in promoting healthy behaviors of postoperative patients with thyroid cancer. Methods: A total of 94 patients with thyroid cancer were conveniently selected, and divided into the observation group and control group according to the random number table method, with 47 cases in each group.The control group was intervened with the conventional postoperative care plan for thyroid cancer, while the observation group was intervened with health promotion behavior intervention based on ecological transience on the basis of the control group.The medication compliance and changes in healthy behaviors between two groups were compared before and after intervention. Results: Before the intervention, there was no statistical significance in the medication compliance between two groups(P>0.05).After 1 month and 2 months of intervention, the compliance of the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).Before the intervention, there was no statistically significance in each dimension of healthy behaviors between two groups(P>0.05).After 1 month and 2 months of intervention, the scores of each dimension in the observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).Conclusions: The application effect of ecological momentary intervention in promoting healthy behaviors of postoperative patients with thyroid cancer is significant.It can improve patients' medication compliance, healthy behaviors and quality of life, and is worthy of clinical promotion.