突发性耳聋病人血清GJB2表达与耳蜗功能的相关性研究

朱虹; 鄢华峰; 张艳娥

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.2097-5252.2025.11.013

突发性耳聋病人血清GJB2表达与耳蜗功能的相关性研究

Correlation between serum GJB2 expression and cochlear function in patients with sudden deafness

摘要

摘要:
目的探究突发性耳聋病人血清间隙连接蛋白β-2(GJB2)表达水平及其与耳蜗功能的相关性。
方法选取78例突发性耳聋病人作为观察组，按照病人的耳蜗功能情况分为耳蜗功能正常组和耳蜗功能异常组。另选同期听力正常的健康体检者60名作为对照组。采用qRT-PCR法检测血清GJB2 mRNA相对表达量。绘制ROC曲线分析血清GJB2对突发性耳聋的诊断价值以及对耳蜗功能的评估价值。采用logistic回归法分析突发性耳聋病人耳蜗功能的影响因素。
结果观察组血清GJB2 mRNA水平明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)，耳蜗功能异常组病人血清GJB2 mRNA水平明显低于耳蜗功能正常组(P < 0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示，血清GJB2诊断突发性耳聋的AUC为0.781，敏感度为92.31%，特异性为61.67%，最优截断值为1.02；血清GJB2预测耳蜗功能异常的AUC为0.799，敏感度为65.91%，特异性为85.29%，最佳截断值为0.91。logistic回归分析显示，GJB2水平下调是突发性耳聋病人耳蜗功能异常的影响因素(P < 0.05)。
结论突发性耳聋病人血清GJB2水平下调，且与病人的耳蜗功能密切相关，可作为诊断突发性耳聋及评估耳蜗功能的潜在生物标志物。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the expression level of serum GJB2 in patients with sudden deafness and its correlation with cochlear function.
Methods A total of 78 patients with sudden deafness were selected as the observation group, and divided into a normal cochlear function group and an abnormal cochlear function group according to the cochlear function of patients. Another 60 health examinees with normal hearing during the same period were set as the control group. The relative expression level of serum GJB2 mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR. ROC curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of serum GJB2 for sudden deafness and its evaluation value for cochlear function. Logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the influencing factors of cochlear function in patients with sudden deafness.
Results The serum GJB2 mRNA level in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01), and the serum GJB2 mRNA level of patients in the abnormal cochlear function group was significantly lower than that in the normal cochlear function group (P < 0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and optimal cutoff value of serum GJB2 for diagnosing sudden deafness were 0.781, 92.31%, 61.67%, and 1.02, respectively; the AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and optimal cutoff value of serum GJB2 for predicting cochlear dysfunction were 0.799, 65.91%, 85.29%, and 0.91, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that downregulated GJB2 levels was an influencing factor of cochlear dysfunction in patients with sudden deafness (P < 0.05).
Conclusions The serum GJB2 level in patients with sudden deafness is downregulated, which is closely related to the cochlear function of the patients. Therefore, GJB2 can be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of sudden deafness and evaluation of cochlear function.

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