Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(rhGM-CSF) on the debridement of deep partial-thickness burn,and its mechanism.Methods: Seventy SD rats with deep partial-thickness burn were established using thermal-water burn(75℃,8 s),and were randomly divided into the experiment group(35 rats) and control group(35 rats).The burn wounds of control group and experiment group were treated with matrix gel and rhGM-CSF gel,respectively.The wounds and dissolving rate of eschar in two groups were analyzed at 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 days after injury.The neutrophils and macrophages infiltration of wounds were observed using immunohistological staining.Results: The dissolving rate of wound eschar in experiment group was significantly higher than that in control group from day 5 to day 10(P<0.01).The inflammatory cells infiltration of wound in experiment group was higher than that in control group from day 3 to 7 day(P<0.01).Conclusions: The rhGM-CSF can promote the inflammatory cells infiltration,debridement and healing of deep partial thickness burn wound.