Abstract: Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of antofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired uncomplicated spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) infection.Methods:Fifty-one cirrhotic patients with community-acquired uncomplicated SBP were divided into observation group(n=24) and control group(n=27).The control group received cefotaxime 2 g intravenously 2 times a day for 10 days and the observation group were given antofloxacin 400 mg orally once on the first day,then 200 mg in the following 9 days.Results:After 10 days therapy,the observation group manifested a decrease in alanine amino transferase and total bilirubin(P0.05),an increase in albumin(P0.01),no significant changes in creatinine and prothrombin time(P0.05),and no extension in QT intervals.The total effective rates had no statistical significance between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusions:Oral administration of antofloxacin is effective and safe for treatment of community-acquired uncomplicated SBP.