Abstract: Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(rhG-CSF) in the treatment of leucopenia after chemotherapy.Methods:Sixty-two patients with leucopenia after chemotherapy were randomly divided into observation group and control group(31 cases each group).The 150 g of rhG-CSF were subcutaneously injected into the observation group once a day.The control group were treated with Weidakang particles two bags per time three times a day for one week,then one bag per time three times a day by oral.The drug was stopped when the level of leukocyte arrived at normal.Results:The treatment with rhG-CSF or Weidakang particles were able to make the level of leukocyte after chemotherapy recover normal range,the recovery time in observation group was less than that in control group(P0.05 to P0.01).Conclusions:The rhG-CSF for treating leucopenia caused by malignant tumor after chemotherapy is good,which is worthy of clinical application.