Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of oral and external traditional Chinese medicine on elderly patients with pain in low back and legs. Methods: Two hundred elderly patients with low back pain and legs pain were divided into two groups randomly. Patients in observe group were received oral and external traditional Chinese medicine while patients in control group were received the treatment of routine oral low back pain pills. The VAS scores,ODI scores and the effective rate of each group were analyzed. Results: After a halfyear follow-up,the VAS and ODI scores in observe group were less than those of control group significantly(P < 0.05),and the effective rate of the former were higher than that of the latter(P < 0.01). Conclusions: Oral and external use of traditional Chinese medicine were effective in treating the elderly with low back pain and legs pain.