Abstract: Objective: To explore the risk factors for burns in children between 0 to 14 years old in Fuyang and to provide scientific basis for the prevention.Methods: The multilevel hierarchy,epidemiological random sampling and a self-designed questionnaire were adopted to investigate the patients' gender,age,administrative village,months and time point of burn occurrence and the severity of the burn.Results: Among the 2 463 children investigated,pediatric burns were found in 125 of them,with a total prevalence rate of 5.1%;the male had a higher prevalence rate than the female(7.5% vs 2.8 %,P<0.05);the incidence of pediatric burns was the highest during the age of 1-3,which decreased gradually with the age increasing.The difference was statistically significant among each age group(P<0.01).The difference of pediatric burns in different villages was significant,from the incidence of 8.4% to 2.5%(P<0.01).Among the children with burns,mild burns accounted for 2.5% and moderate burns 1.5%.The highest incidence of burns was during 16:00-24:00(2.8%) and the highest incidence months were April to June(2.1%).Conclusions: The prevalence rate of pediatric burns from the ages of 1 to 14 in Fuyang rural area is 5.1%.Boys are the risk population;16:00-24:00 are the risk time points and April-June the risk months;infants and preschool children have a higher incidence of pediatric diseases.