Abstract: Objective: To investigate the value of the levels of serum Pepsinogen(PG) and Gastrin-17(G-17) in the screening of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer.Methods: Two hundred and seventy-eight patients undergone gastroscopy from August 2012 to October 2013 were divided into the chronic non-atrophic gastritis group(105 cases),atrophic gastritis group(42 cases),gastric cancer(64 cases) and gastric ulcer group(67 cases) according to the results of gastroscopy and histopathology.The levels of serum PGⅠ,PGⅡand G-17 in all case were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the PGR(ratio of PGⅠto PGⅡ) was calculated.Results: Compared with the chronic non-atrophic gastritis group,the PGⅠleveland PGR decreased significantly in atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer groups(P< 0.01),but for G-17,it increased significantly in the two groups(P< 0.01).Compared with the atrophic gastritis group,the PGⅠ level and PGR in gastric cancer group decreased significantly(P< 0.01),the difference of the G-17 level between the atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer groups was not statistically significant(P >0.05).The PGⅠ level and PGR in advanced gastric cancer patients were significantly lower than those in early gastric cancer patients(P< 0.01),while the difference of G-17 level between them was not statistically significant(P >0.05).Conclusions: The PGⅠ level and PGR decreasing and G-17 level increasing suggest the possible of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer.The joint detection of serum Pepsinogen and Gastrin-17 is an important means in the screening of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer,which can provide a positive reference for further gastroscopy.