Abstract: Objective:To find a best site to catheterize for long-term hemodialysis.Methods:One hundred and eighty-five cases of hemodialysis were divided,according to the catheterization sites,into internal jugular vein group (95 cases),external jugular vein group (65 case) and femoral vein group (25 cases).The success rate of puncture,the incidence of complications during the puncture procedure and the catheterization were compared.Results:The success rates of puncture were 94.74%,93.84% and 92.00% in the internal jugular vein group,external jugular vein group and femoral vein group,respectively.The difference was not significant (P>0.05).The incidence of straying into the artery was significant higher in the femoral vein group than that in the other two groups (P<0.01),and the incidence of other complications had no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05).The incidence of complication during catheterization had no significant difference between the internal jugular vein group and the external jugular vein group,while the femoral vein group presented a higher incidence of complication (P<0.01).Conclusions:The internal jugular vein puncture is a preferred means of catheterization for long-term hemodialysis,and the external jugular vein can be used as a second-class vessel for catheterization.The femoral vein can only be considered when the above veins are not accessible.