Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of empyrosis on the proinflammatory cytokines of alveolar lavage fluid in rabbits with early acute lung injury.Methods: Thirty New Zealand white rabbits with 30% Ⅲ degree empyrosis model were established, and divided into five empyrosis groups(n=6) according to the sacrificing time of rabbits(including postempyrosis 2,4,8,12,24 h time points).The 6 healthy rabbits were burnt in water at 37 ℃ and served as the control group.The pathological changes of lung tissue,lung injury scores(LIS) and Wet-dry weight ratio(W/D) in all groups were observed.PMNs were isolated and purified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of rabbit.The proinflammatory cytokines(TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8)in the alveolar lavage fluid of each group were measured by ELISA.Results: The 30% Ⅲ degree empyrosis in all empyrosis groups were verified by pathology.The lyukopedesis and massive infiltration of PMN in alveolar spaces and interstitial edema,pereolate in alveolar spaces, alveolar septum thickerning, alveoli and interstitial hyperemia,alveolar collapse and atelectasis and transparent film formation were found,which aggravated with prolongation of time, and the lung injury scores increasing were measured in all empyrosis groups, the diffeences of which between all groups were statistically significant (P<0.05 to P<0.01). The W/D in rabbits at 8,12 and 24 h after empyrosis were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 in the alveolar lavage fluid after 2,4,8,12 h of empyrosis were higher than those in control group(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The levels of TNF-α and IL-8 peaked at 12 h after empyrosis(P<0.01),the level of IL-1β peaked at 8 h after empyrosis(P<0.01),and the differences of the levels of IL-8 and IL-1β between at 24 h after empyrosis and control group were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions: The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-8 in the alveolar lavage fluid significantly increase in early acute lung injury of rabbits with empyrosis, which may lead to the occurrence of early acute lung.