Abstract: Objective: To evaluate and summarize the experience of early complication management in the ntensive care period after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Methods: The clinical data of 9 patients undergoing OLT in our hospital from Jun 2002 to Apr 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Eight patients were cured and 1 case died of severe infection and multiple organ failure syndrome. The perioperative survival rate was 8/9. The mean extubation time of 9 OLT patients was 11.3±4.8 days. The main complications during the ntensive care period were bacteria infection (2 cases), fungal infection (1 case), acute rejection (2 cases), inferior vena cava stricture (1 case), and acute renal insufficiency (1 case). One case died of respiratory failure secondary to severe pulmonary infection. Conclusions: It is important to understand rules of pathophysiological changes and effective perioperative management to decrease the occurrence of complication in ntensive care period after OLT.