高级检索

    抗病毒治疗HIV/AIDS病人的歧视知觉、压力感知、心理健康与生存质量的关联分析

    Analysis of the associations between discrimination perception, stress perception, mental health and quality of life in patients with HIV/AIDS undergoing antiviral treatment

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 探讨抗病毒治疗HIV/AIDS病人歧视知觉、压力感知、心理健康和生存质量之间的关系，为改善HIV/AIDS病人的压力感知、心理健康和生活质量提供科学依据。
      方法 采用便利抽样方法，选取接受抗病毒治疗的588例HIV/AIDS病人，使用一般资料问卷、艾滋病歧视知觉量表（SSS）、广泛性焦虑量表（GAD–7）、病人健康问卷抑郁量表（PHQ–9）、HIV/AIDS压力量表（CSS–HIV）、UCLA孤独感量表简版（ULS–8）及WHO艾滋病生存质量测量简表（WHOQOL–HIV–BREF）进行调查。对收集的资料以及数据进行描述性统计、相关性分析和回归分析，并构建结构方程模型，使用Bootstrap方法验证心理健康在歧视知觉与生存质量之间的中介效应。
      结果 病人的歧视知觉总分为（27.643 ± 6.506）分。压力总分为（34.510 ± 10.457）分。心理健康方面，焦虑、抑郁、孤独感得分分别为（20.935 ± 8.614）分、（11.832 ± 5.048）分、（19.216 ± 3.648）分。生存质量总分为（91.388 ± 8.331）分。歧视知觉与压力（r = 0.469，P ＜ 0.01）、焦虑（r = 0.323，P ＜ 0.01）、抑郁（r = 0.296，P ＜ 0.01）、孤独（r = 0.328，P ＜ 0.01）均呈现正相关，生存质量与歧视知觉（r = −0.179，P ＜ 0.01）、压力（r = −0.145，P ＜ 0.01）、焦虑（r = −0.111，P ＜ 0.01）、抑郁（r = −0.124，P ＜ 0.01）、孤独（r = −0.308，P ＜ 0.01）均呈负相关。压力、焦虑、抑郁和孤独在歧视知觉与生存质量之间的中介效应分别为35.39%、37.77%、37.38%和46.62%。
      结论 抗病毒治疗HIV/AIDS病人的心理健康和生存质量总体偏低，存在较高水平的歧视知觉和压力感知。压力、焦虑、抑郁、孤独在歧视知觉与生存质量之间均起部分中介作用，需通过心理干预、社会支持和政策优化等措施改善病人的压力感知、心理健康与生活质量。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To explore the relationship between discrimination perception, pressure perception, mental health and quality of life among HIV/AIDS patients, and provide scientific evidence for improving the pressure perception, mental health and quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients.
      Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 588 HIV/AIDS patients treated with antiviral treatment. The patients were investigated using the general information questionnaire, AIDS Stigma Scale(SSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale(PHQ-9), HIV/AIDS Stress Scale(CSS-HIV), UCLA Loneliness Scale Short Form(ULS-8) and WHOQOL-HIV-BREF. The descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted on the collected data and information, and a structural equation model was constructed. The Bootstrap method was used to verify the mediating effect of mental health between perceived discrimination and quality of life.
      Results The total score of discrimination perception of patients was (27.643 ± 6.506) points. The total score of pressure was (34.510 ± 10.457) points. In terms of mental health, the scores of anxiety, depression and loneliness were (20.935 ± 8.614) points, (11.832 ± 5.048) points and (19.216 ± 3.648) points, respectively. The total score of quality of life was (91.388 ± 8.331) points. The discrimination perception was positively correlated with the stress(r = 0.469, P ＜ 0.01), anxiety (r = 0.323, P ＜ 0.01), depression (r = 0.296, P ＜ 0.01) and loneliness(r = 0.328, P ＜ 0.01), and the quality of life was negatively correlated with the discrimination perception(r = −0.179, P ＜ 0.01), stress(r = −0.145, P ＜ 0.01), anxiety(r = −0.111, P ＜ 0.01), depression(r = −0.124, P ＜ 0.01) and loneliness (r = −0.308, P＜0.01). The mediating effects of stress, anxiety, depression and loneliness between perceived discrimination and quality of life were 35.39%, 37.77%, 37.38% and 46.62%, respectively.
      Conclusions The mental health and quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients undergoing antiviral treatment are generally low, and there is a relatively high level of perception of discrimination and stress. Stress, anxiety, depression and loneliness all play a partial mediating role between perceived discrimination and quality of life. Measures such as psychological intervention, social support and policy optimization need to be taken to improve patients' perception of stress, mental health and quality of life.

       

      • HTML全文
      • 参考文献(25)
      • 相关文章
      • 施引文献
    • 资源附件(0)

    /

    返回文章
    返回