Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative ureteral stricture in patients with ureteral calcul combined with polyps.

Methods A total of 107 patients with ureteral calculi combined with ureteral polyps treated in Anqing First's Hospital from January 2021 to August 2024 were included as research subjects. All patients were treated with transurethral ureteroscopy rigid/soft for stone fragmentation. According to the postoperative condition, the patients were divided into the ureteral stricture group (24 cases) and non-ureteral stricture group (83 cases). The general information and clinical data in two groups were counted and analyzed. The univariate multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors related to postoperative ureteral stricture in patients with ureteral calculi combined with ureter polyps.

Results There were statistically significant differences in the thickness of ureteral calculi wall, degree of preoperative hydronephrosis, diameter of the calculi, course of the disease and operation time between two groups (P ＜ 0.01), while there was no statistical significance in the gender, age, calculi location and previous surgical history between two groups (P ＞ 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression indicated that the thickening of the ureteral wall at the stone site was an independent risk factor of ureteral stricture (OR = 58.545, P ＜ 0.01).

Conclusions The thickening of the ureteral wall at the site of calculi is an independent risk factor of ureteral stricture in patients with ureteral calculi combined with polyps after surgery. Medical staff should fully consider the relevant risk factors and effectively intervene before surgery to improve prognosis.