Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of cervical smear cytology in the screening of cervical cancer.Methods: The clinical data of cervical smear cytology in 5801 women were retrospectively analyzed.The pathology diagnosis of women with abnormal cervical smear cytology and cervical lesions of the different ages subjects were analyzed.Results: Among 5801 patients,cells without heterogeneous nuclear in 2799 cases,cells with mild heterogeneous nuclear in 2914 cases and cells with mild atypical hyperplasia in 88 cases were found.The age of the highest examination abnormal rate was 45 to 55 years old(61/3413,1.79%).Eighty cases with mild atypical hyperplasia,5 cases with severe atypical hyperplasia and 3 cases with cancer cell were found.Among 88 patients with abnormal cervical smear cytology,cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was found in 13 cases.Conclusions: Cervical smear cytology is the preferred method in screening cervical cancer,which can early find cervical precancerous lesions,implement intervention,and reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.