Objective To explore the application effects of the "1 + 2 + X" collaborative service mode on the self-management ability of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy and care burden of caregivers.

Methods A prospective study was conducted on 112 patients treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patients were divided into the observation group and control group by block random allocation, with 56 cases in each group. The control group received conventional mode nursing, while the observation group received "1 + 2 + X" collaborative service mode nursing. The differences in the postoperative recovery, pain degree (VAS score), self-management ability (SMBS score), health behavior ability (SRAHP score), psychological state (SDS score, SAS score), postoperative complications and caregiver care burden (ZBI score) between two groups were compared.

Results The time of first anal exhaust, time of first getting out of bed, time of first defecation, time of stopping infusion and length of hospital stay in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). After 6 hours, 24 hours and 3 days of operation, the VAS scores of the observation group were all lower than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05). The VAS scores in two groups after 24 hours and 3 days of surgery were lower than those at 6 hours after surgery (P ＜ 0.05), and the VAS score in the observation group at 3 days after surgery was lower than that at 24 hours after f surgery (P ＜ 0.05). At discharge, the SMBS score and SRAHP score in two groups increased compared with those before the intervention, while the SDS score and SAS score decreased (P ＜ 0.01), and which in the observation group was superior to that in control group (P ＜ 0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P = 0.04). There was no statistically significant difference in the ZBI score between two groups before the intervention (P ＞ 0.05). At discharge and 7 days after discharge, the ZBI score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). The ZBI scores in two groups decreased successively at each time point (P ＜ 0.01).

Conclusions The application of the "1 + 2 + X" collaborative service mode in the perioperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy can promote the postoperative recovery, effectively improve self-management ability and health behavior ability, improve psychological state, relieve pain degree, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and alleviate the care burden of caregivers.