Abstract: Objective: To investigate the serum level of adiponectin,and its correlation with insulin resistance in pregnant women with different glucose tolerance.Methods: Ninety pregnant women were divided into the normal pregnant women(NGT group),impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT group) and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM group) according to the results of 50 g glucose load test and glucose tolerance test from January 2012 to March 2014(30 cases each group).The levels of fasting blood glucose(FPG),insulin(INS) and APN in all cases were detected by glucose oxidase method,radioimmunoassay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,respectively.The differences and correlations of each index in three groups were analyzed.Results: The age,gestational weeks and pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI) were not statistically different(P>0.05),BMI of pregnant late term in 3 groups were statistically different(P<0.01).In the NGT,GIGT and GDM groups,the levels of FPG and FINS,and HOMA-IR were gradually increased,the concentration of APN was gradually decreased(P<0.01).With age and pregnant weeks as control variable,the partial correlation analysis showed that the serum APN level was significantly negative related to the BMI of pregnant late term,levels of FPG,FINS and HOMA-IR(P<0.05 to P<0.01).With APN as dependent variable,the multiple regression showed that the age,serum levels of FPG and FINS were the influencing factors in the serum level change of APN(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions: The serum APN level in pregnant women with GDM is significantly low,and a negative relationship between APN and HOMA-IR,which suggest that APN is one of the protection factors of GDM,and also is a sensitizer of INS.