Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical effects of the corneal limbal stem cells autotransplantation in the treatment of pterygium.Methods: Eighty-four cases(98 eyes) were randomly divided into the group A and group B(42 cases each group).Group A(50 eyes) were treated with conventional peteryguim excision,group B(48 eyes) were treated with the pterygium excision combined with corneal limbal stem cells autotransplantation,respectively.The recurrence rate,healing rate,healing time of corneal epithelial wound and postoperative reactions between two groups were compared.Results: The recurrence rate in group B(4.2%) was lower than that in group A(20.0%)(P<0.05).The healing time of corneal epithelial wound in group B(4.1±1.9)d was less than that in group A(6.9±2.3)d(P<0.01).The obviously postoperative discomfort in 2 cases of group B(4.2%) was less than that in 13 cases of group A(26.0%)(P<0.01).Conclusions: The treatment of pterygium with conventional pterygium excision combined with corneal limbal stem cells autotransplantation can effectively reduce the recurrence rate,increase the healing rate,improve the corneal epithelial wound healing and reduce the postoperative reaction,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.