Abstract: Objective: To investigate the infection rate and risk factors of patients in Intensive Care Unit(ICU),and explore the corresponding nursing measures. Methods: According to the WS/T₃12-2009 professional standards-Hospital Infection Monitoring Standards,the ICU patients who hospitalized during the period of Aug. 2009 to Mar. 2010 were under target monitoring,and the related risk factors of hospital infection were analyzed. Results: Among the 100 ICU patients who had been in hospital for more than 48 hours, 22 cases were shown hospital infection,with a rate of 22.00%. While 40 cases with an infection rate of 40.00% were shown hospital infection of 11.7% after the regulation of the average severity of illness. The use rate of urethral catheter,ventilator and venous cannula were 59.67%,37.66% and 58.22%,respectively. Meanwhile,the urinary tract infection rate related to urethral catheter was 6.28‰, the blood flow infection rate related to blood vessel canals was 1.61‰,and the rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was 24.87‰. The majority of 49 detected pathogen were Gram-negative bacteria which occupied 71.43%,and were multiple antibiotic resistance. Conclusions: The rate of hospital infection in ICU is much higher than other divisions in hospital. In the use of instrument,the infection rate of urethral catheter is the highest,and the rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia is the highest in the appliance-related infection. Hospital infectious pathogens are mostly Gram-negative bacteria of multiple antibiotic resistance. So,preventive and control measures should be strengthened to cut off infection passages. Besides,basic and specialized nursing work should be well executed to effectively reduce the rate of hospital infection.