Abstract: Objective:To investigate the serum levels of estradiol and testosterone in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and their relations with illness severity and prognosis.Methods:The serum levels of estradiol and testosterone in 168 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(cerebral hemorrhage group) and 60 healthy people(control group) were determined.All patients were scored by U.S.National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,and compared in two groups.Results:The differences of the serum levels of estradiol and testosterone in male between two groups were statistically significant(PPP>0.05).The serum level of estradiol in male patient with mild illness was moderate,and high in severe patients(PP>0.05).The serum levels of estradiol and testosterone in male patients with small amount of bleeding were higher than those in male patients with median amount of bleeding(PP>0.05).The difference of the estradiol serum level in female between two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05),but for testosteron difference,it was statistically significant(PPPPPP>0.05).Compared with the no change and deterioration patients,the serum levels of estradiol and testosterone and the ratio of estradiol and testosterone in patients with obvious improvement were significantly increased,decreased and incresed,respectively(PPConclusions:The serum level of estradiol and ratio of estradiol and testosterone in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage are helpful for judging the disease prognosis.