Abstract: Objective:To investigate the health condition of the herdsmen and farmers in Tibet area,and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic and infectious diseases. Methods:One thousand six hundred and ninty-nine herdsmen and farmers were performed physical examinations including the routine inspection,chest perspective,electrocardiogram,B ultrasonic of the abdomen,routine blood and urine tests,measurement of the blood pressure,liver function,renal blood sugar,blood fat and hepatitis B surface antigen.Women were performed gynaecological check-up in addition. Results:Fifty-six point seven percent of the herdsmen and farmers had health problems including increased alanine aminotransferase(14.7%),biliary disease(13.2%),hemoglobin increasing disease(12.8%),hypertension(12.4%) and abnormal electrocardiogram(8.9%).The health problems were related with the education degree,and part of the diseases were related with the gender(such as hemoglobin increasing disease) or the age(such as hypertension). Conclusions:It is essential to strengthen the health education of the herdsmen and farmers,guide them to give up bad health habits,establish health records,regularize physical examinations and provide early intervention and treatment for the risk factors or diseases.