Abstract: Objective:To understand the clinical characters, the distribution and drug resistance of peritonitis pathogens of cases with ascitesduetocirrhosis and provide the basis of early diagnosis and rational use drug for clinic. Methods:Forty-two cases with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) and positive ascites germiculture were selected. The clinical symptoms and signs, and the ascites laboratory results and treatment and disease outcome of all cases were restrospectively analyzed. Results:The different degrees of fever, abdominal pain and peritoneum stimulation were demonstrated in 42 cases. The counts of white blood cells 500 106/Lin 71% and LDH 200 U/L in 86% of cases were detected. Gram-negative bacterium were found in 83. 3% of all cases, which were Escherichia coli, followed by klebsiella pneumonia and had the higher resistance to the third generation cephalosporins antibiotic. Conclusions:The culture of ascites and fully combining the symptoms, signs and laboratory check of patient need be implemented as early as possible because of the diverse and complex clinical manifestations of SBP. The third generation of cephalosporins antibiotics with -lactamase inhibitors need be firstly used for SBP, and drug can be adjusted according to the results of bacteria cultivation in time.