Abstract: Objective:To explore the clinical effects of preoperative indwelling catheter on the photoselective vaporization of prostate(PVP).Methods:Sixty patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and acute urinary retention were indwelled catheter and randomly divided into two groups,which included accepting PVP surgery directly after removal the catheter(groupⅠ,30 cases) and treatment with anti-inflammatory and oral medication to inhibit prostatic hyperplasia and accepting PVP surgery 2 weeks after removal the catheter(group Ⅱ).The operative time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative indwelling catheter time,postoperative hospital stay,postoperative bladder irrigation time and the hemoglobin content before and after surgery of two groups were analyzed.The international prostate symptom score(IPSS),life quality score(QOL),maximum flow rate(Qmax),residual urine volume(RUV) and variety of complications were followed-up and recorded.Results:The postoperative hemoglobin contents of two groups had significant statistical difference(P0.05).The operative time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative indwelling catheter time,postoperative hospital stay and the postoperative bladder irrigation time of group Ⅰ were longer than that of group Ⅱ(P0.05 to P0.01).Compared with preoperative,the IPSS,QOL,Qmax and RUV of two groups in 1 week,3 and 6 mouths after operation were significantly improved,but the difference had no statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusions:PVP surgery is safe and reliable.Preoperative indwelling catheter has some effects on operation,which can lead to much bleeding during operation,vision blurry and prolong operative time,and no significantly effects on postoperative.