Abstract: Objective：To study the feasibility and therapeutic effect of loop ligature with a rubber band under endoscope in treatment of benign tumors under mucosa in the alimentary tract.Methods：Forty-seven cases of benign tumors with a diameter of less than 1.5 cm under mucosa in the alimentary tract were performed by loop ligature with a rubber band under endoscope after being precluded of canceration by gastroscope,ultrasonic endoscope and pathology biopsy.The loop ligature(hyaline cap) was,connected to the head of the gastroscope,the benign tumor under mucosa in the alimentary tract was drawn into the hyaline cap with underpressure before releasing the rubber band,and then the benign tumor was loop-ligatured.The therapeutic effect was evaluated several days later.Results：The benign tumor ablated completely;a superficial anabrosis was formed in the mucosa,and cicatrized within one or two weeks.No one presented abdominal pain,vomit,hemorrhage,perforation or infection.Conclusions：The procedure of loop ligature under endoscope with a rubber band is easy and safe for treatment of benign tumors under mucosa in the alimentary tract.