Abstract: Objective:To study the expression and clinical significance of eIF4E and CyclinD1 in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma.Methods:The expressions of eIF4E and CyclinD1 in 40 cases of simple hyperplasia,40 cases of complex hyperplasia(25 cases of atypical hyperplasia),65 cases of endometrial carcinoma and 15 cases of normal proliferative endometrium were detected by means of immunohistochemical EliVision,the related pathological parameters were analyzed.Results:The positive expression of eIF4E in normal proliferative endometrium,simple endometrial hyperplasia,complex endometrial hyperplasia,atypical hyperplasia and endometriod adenocarcinoma was 53.33%,72.50%,80.00%,84.00% and 90.77%,respectively;while the positive expression of CyclinD1 was 6.67%,52.50%,70.33%,80.00% and 81.54%,respectively.The expression of eIF4E was only significantly different between the endometrial carcinoma and the normal proliferative endometrium(P0.01);the expression of CyclinD1 in endometriod adenocarcinoma,atypical hyperplasia and complex endometrial hyperplasia was significantly different from that in normal proliferative endometrium.The positive expression of eIF4E and CyclinD1 in endometriod adenocarcinoma was not obviously related to the TNM stage,pathological grade or lymph node metastasis(P0.05).Statistical analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between eIF4E and CyclinD1 expression in endometriod adenocarcinoma(P0.05).Conclusions:EIF4E and CyclinD1 are both over-expressed in endometrial carcinoma,and the synergy of them may contribute to the development of endometrial carcinoma.