Abstract: Objective:To explore risk factors of surgical site infection(SSI) of low transverse cesarean section.Methods:The data of 3 765 cases with low transverse cesarean section were retrospective analysed,150 cases with SSI and other 420 control cases were compared,and risk factors were analysed using mono-factor and multi-factor methods.Results:Analysis results showed that SSI was associated with chorioamnionitis,times of vaginal examination,development of subcutaneous hematoma after operation and high body mass index(BMI) at admission hospital(P0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that the times of vaginal examination,development of subcutaneous hematoma after operation and high BMI at admission hospital were the three risk factors(P0.05-P0.01) except chorioamnionitis.Conclusions:The times of vaginal examination,development of subcutaneous hematoma after operation and high BMI at admission hospital can improve the risk of SSI,which suggest that these high risk patiens must be strengthened the monitoring management to prevent SSI.