Abstract: Objective:To study the drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(TB) in Bengbu for providing the basis of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with drug-resistant TB.Methods:Four hundred twenty-five high risk patients were screened by Ziehl-Neelsen anti-acid staining.The mycobacterium tuberculosis of sputum in the positive patients were cultured with acid modified Roche solid culture medium,and the drug sensitive test of the cultured positive patients were measured by the indirect method of absolute concentration.Results:Patients with positive sputum culture were 267 cases.Patients with drug-resistant TB were 184 cases,including 45 cases of single-drug resistance,76 cases of multidrug resistance,41 cases of multiple drug resistance and 22 cases of extensively drug resistance.Conclusions:The drug resistance of patients with TB is serious in Bengbu.The specialist out-patient treatment,making reasonable and effective treatment and strengthening the supervision management is a key to prevent the drug resistance of patient with TB.