Abstract: Objective:To improve bone formation by mineralizing silk fibroin scaffold with calcium phosphate.Methods:Silk fibroin was immerged into calcium phosphate solution,and then mineralized on its surface using hydrothermal method.The characteristics of silk fibroin surface-modified were measured by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Results:SEM indicated that the surface of silk fibroin was mostly coated by calcium phosphate.The patterns of silk fibroin surface-modified were not changed after immerging in solution,and carbonate apatite distributed on its surface.Conclusions:As a natural material,the silk fibroin possesses good biocompatibility.Silk fibroin/ CaP composite as scaffold material is a promising biomaterial.